payfrit-beacon-ios/PayfritBeacon/Services/BeaconScanner.swift

import UIKit
import CoreBluetooth
import CoreLocation

/// Beacon scanner for detecting BLE beacons by UUID.
/// Uses CoreLocation iBeacon ranging with RSSI-based dwell time enforcement.
/// All mutable state is confined to the main thread via @MainActor.
@MainActor
final class BeaconScanner: NSObject, ObservableObject {
    private let targetUUID: String
    private let normalizedTargetUUID: String
    private let onBeaconDetected: (Double) -> Void
    private let onRSSIUpdate: ((Int, Int) -> Void)?
    private let onBluetoothOff: (() -> Void)?
    private let onPermissionDenied: (() -> Void)?
    private let onError: ((String) -> Void)?

    @Published var isScanning = false

    private var locationManager: CLLocationManager?
    private var activeConstraint: CLBeaconIdentityConstraint?
    private var checkTimer: Timer?
    private var bluetoothManager: CBCentralManager?

    // RSSI samples for dwell time enforcement
    private var rssiSamples: [Int] = []
    private let minSamplesToConfirm = 5  // ~5 seconds
    private let rssiThreshold = -75
    private var hasConfirmed = false
    private var isPendingPermission = false

    init(targetUUID: String,
         onBeaconDetected: @escaping (Double) -> Void,
         onRSSIUpdate: ((Int, Int) -> Void)? = nil,
         onBluetoothOff: (() -> Void)? = nil,
         onPermissionDenied: (() -> Void)? = nil,
         onError: ((String) -> Void)? = nil) {
        self.targetUUID = targetUUID
        self.normalizedTargetUUID = targetUUID.replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "").uppercased()
        self.onBeaconDetected = onBeaconDetected
        self.onRSSIUpdate = onRSSIUpdate
        self.onBluetoothOff = onBluetoothOff
        self.onPermissionDenied = onPermissionDenied
        self.onError = onError
        super.init()
    }

    // MARK: - UUID formatting

    private nonisolated func formatUUID(_ uuid: String) -> String {
        let clean = uuid.replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "").uppercased()
        guard clean.count == 32 else { return uuid }
        let i = clean.startIndex
        let p1 = clean[i..<clean.index(i, offsetBy: 8)]
        let p2 = clean[clean.index(i, offsetBy: 8)..<clean.index(i, offsetBy: 12)]
        let p3 = clean[clean.index(i, offsetBy: 12)..<clean.index(i, offsetBy: 16)]
        let p4 = clean[clean.index(i, offsetBy: 16)..<clean.index(i, offsetBy: 20)]
        let p5 = clean[clean.index(i, offsetBy: 20)..<clean.index(i, offsetBy: 32)]
        return "\(p1)-\(p2)-\(p3)-\(p4)-\(p5)"
    }

    // MARK: - Start/Stop

    func startScanning() {
        guard !isScanning else { return }

        let formatted = formatUUID(targetUUID)
        guard let uuid = UUID(uuidString: formatted) else {
            onError?("Invalid beacon UUID format")
            return
        }

        let lm = CLLocationManager()
        lm.delegate = self
        locationManager = lm

        let status = lm.authorizationStatus
        if status == .notDetermined {
            isPendingPermission = true
            lm.requestWhenInUseAuthorization()
            // Delegate will call locationManagerDidChangeAuthorization
            return
        }

        guard status == .authorizedWhenInUse || status == .authorizedAlways else {
            onPermissionDenied?()
            return
        }

        beginRanging(uuid: uuid)
    }

    private func beginRanging(uuid: UUID) {
        guard let lm = locationManager else { return }

        let constraint = CLBeaconIdentityConstraint(uuid: uuid)
        activeConstraint = constraint
        lm.startRangingBeacons(satisfying: constraint)

        isScanning = true
        rssiSamples.removeAll()
        hasConfirmed = false

        UIApplication.shared.isIdleTimerDisabled = true

        // Monitor Bluetooth power state with a real CBCentralManager
        bluetoothManager = CBCentralManager(delegate: self, queue: .main)

        checkTimer = Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: 5, repeats: true) { [weak self] _ in
            Task { @MainActor in
                self?.checkBluetoothState()
            }
        }
    }

    private func checkBluetoothState() {
        if let bm = bluetoothManager, bm.state == .poweredOff {
            stopScanning()
            onBluetoothOff?()
        }
        if CBCentralManager.authorization == .denied ||
           CBCentralManager.authorization == .restricted {
            stopScanning()
            onBluetoothOff?()
        }
    }

    func stopScanning() {
        isPendingPermission = false
        guard isScanning else { return }
        isScanning = false
        if let constraint = activeConstraint {
            locationManager?.stopRangingBeacons(satisfying: constraint)
        }
        activeConstraint = nil
        checkTimer?.invalidate()
        checkTimer = nil
        bluetoothManager = nil
        rssiSamples.removeAll()
        hasConfirmed = false
        UIApplication.shared.isIdleTimerDisabled = false
    }

    func resetSamples() {
        rssiSamples.removeAll()
        hasConfirmed = false
    }

    func dispose() {
        stopScanning()
        locationManager?.delegate = nil
        locationManager = nil
    }

    deinit {
        // Safety net: clean up resources
        checkTimer?.invalidate()
        locationManager?.delegate = nil
        Task { @MainActor in
            UIApplication.shared.isIdleTimerDisabled = false
        }
    }

    // MARK: - Delegate handling (called on main thread, forwarded from nonisolated delegate)

    fileprivate func handleRangedBeacons(_ beacons: [CLBeacon]) {
        guard isScanning, !hasConfirmed else { return }

        var foundThisCycle = false

        for beacon in beacons {
            let rssi = beacon.rssi
            guard rssi != 0 else { continue }

            let detectedUUID = beacon.uuid.uuidString.replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "").uppercased()
            guard detectedUUID == normalizedTargetUUID else { continue }

            foundThisCycle = true

            if rssi >= rssiThreshold {
                rssiSamples.append(rssi)
                onRSSIUpdate?(rssi, rssiSamples.count)

                if rssiSamples.count >= minSamplesToConfirm {
                    let avg = Double(rssiSamples.reduce(0, +)) / Double(rssiSamples.count)
                    hasConfirmed = true
                    onBeaconDetected(avg)
                    return
                }
            } else {
                if !rssiSamples.isEmpty {
                    rssiSamples.removeAll()
                    onRSSIUpdate?(rssi, 0)
                }
            }
        }

        if !foundThisCycle && !rssiSamples.isEmpty {
            rssiSamples.removeAll()
            onRSSIUpdate?(0, 0)
        }
    }

    fileprivate func handleRangingError(_ error: Error) {
        onError?("Beacon ranging failed: \(error.localizedDescription)")
    }

    fileprivate func handleAuthorizationChange(_ status: CLAuthorizationStatus) {
        if status == .authorizedWhenInUse || status == .authorizedAlways {
            // Permission granted — start ranging only if we were waiting for permission
            if isPendingPermission && !isScanning {
                isPendingPermission = false
                let formatted = formatUUID(targetUUID)
                if let uuid = UUID(uuidString: formatted) {
                    beginRanging(uuid: uuid)
                }
            }
        } else if status == .denied || status == .restricted {
            isPendingPermission = false
            stopScanning()
            onPermissionDenied?()
        }
    }
}

// MARK: - CLLocationManagerDelegate
// These delegate callbacks arrive on the main thread since CLLocationManager was created on main.
// We forward to @MainActor methods above.

extension BeaconScanner: CLLocationManagerDelegate {
    nonisolated func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didRange beacons: [CLBeacon],
                                     satisfying constraint: CLBeaconIdentityConstraint) {
        Task { @MainActor in
            self.handleRangedBeacons(beacons)
        }
    }

    nonisolated func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didFailRangingFor constraint: CLBeaconIdentityConstraint, error: Error) {
        Task { @MainActor in
            self.handleRangingError(error)
        }
    }

    nonisolated func locationManagerDidChangeAuthorization(_ manager: CLLocationManager) {
        Task { @MainActor in
            self.handleAuthorizationChange(manager.authorizationStatus)
        }
    }
}

// MARK: - CBCentralManagerDelegate

extension BeaconScanner: CBCentralManagerDelegate {
    nonisolated func centralManagerDidUpdateState(_ central: CBCentralManager) {
        Task { @MainActor in
            if central.state == .poweredOff {
                self.stopScanning()
                self.onBluetoothOff?()
            }
        }
    }
}