The rebuild removed Podfile/Podfile.lock/Pods but left CocoaPods build
phases and xcconfig references in the project file, causing build failure.
Removed: [CP] Check Pods Manifest.lock, [CP] Embed Pods Frameworks,
Pods_PayfritBeacon.framework, all Pods xcconfig baseConfigurationReferences,
and the Pods/Frameworks groups.
The old pods (Kingfisher, SVGKit) are not imported anywhere in the
rebuilt codebase — no replacement needed.