Instead of immediately failing on disconnect during authenticating or
writing states, retry up to 2 times with backoff. Resets passwordIndex
on reconnect so re-auth starts fresh (fixes issue where burned password
attempts caused retry failures). Also fixes passwordIndex reset in the
device-info safety-net reconnect path.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>